Jurnal Vokasi Mekanika

Analysis of Solar Collector Fish Dryer With Split Stone Heat Storage Media

Afdal Faisal — 2024-10-30

The use of solar energy as an alternative energy source has developed significantly in various applications. The fish dryer in this study utilizes solar energy, assisted by a solar collector, which uses split stones as a heat storage medium. The aim of this research is to enhance the usage of the solar collector fish dryer because it can be used when there is insufficient solar energy. The research method includes the design and creation of a dryer prototype, as well as measuring the temperature of incoming and outgoing air, including the relative humidity inside the drying chamber. The results revealed that utilizing split stones as a heat storage medium can maintain the air temperature in the drying chamber at an optimal level for a longer period, even with varying sunlight intensity. This research was conducted at the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of Universitas Negeri Padang. The highest temperature achieved in the solar collector fish dryer with a heat storage medium in the oven or drying chamber was 40°C at 13:00 WIB, with a solar intensity of 503 W/m². The drying process of salted fish using split stones as a heat storage medium resulted in a moisture evaporation rate of 49.25% - 64.7% over 8 hours, with a drying rate of 0.068 g/m - 0.079 g/m. The collector's efficiency was 16.6% on the first day and 16.48% on the second day of testing.

Experimental Study on the Use of Solar Collector in Drying Fish Using Sand Media

Muhammad Fadil Al Rahman — 2025-02-28

Fish drying using a solar collector with heat storage is hot air taken directly from solar energy channeled into the solar collector which can store heat energy from the sun with sand media in the solar collector. The research method involves drying fish at different temperature and time variations, and comparing the results with conventional drying methods. The parameters measured include the moisture content and the dried fish produced. In addition, the dried fish produced from this process had better texture and flavor, thus improving the quality of the final product. The purpose of this research is to dry fish using a solar collector by using solar energy media to absorb heat energy. The test results of the fish dryer using sand media showed the highest temperature on the inside of the oven with a temperature of 41 ° C at 11:00 WIB with a solar intensity of 499 W/m². Drying on fish occurs a reduction in fish content, namely 49.25% to 64.70% for 8 hours of drying using a solar collector. The drying rate of the fish drying process is 0.091 g/min to 0.061 g/min with a collector efficiency level of 15.04% on the first day of testing and 16.52% on the second day of testing. In the process of drying fish for two days, there is a reduction in fish mass from 67 grams to 12 grams with a mass reduction of about 55 grams.

Analysis of the Influence of Turbulent Models in CFD Simulation of Centrifugal Fans using Ansys

Bagas Santoso — 2025-02-28

The study was conducted to determine the airflow in the backward type centrifugal fan using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. This type of fan is often used in various industries due to its high efficiency in moving air or gas. In CFD simulation, the selection of the right turbulent model is very important to obtain simulation results that are reliable, efficient, and relevant to real conditions. The study used four different turbulent models to look at their effects on pressure distribution, flow velocity, and fan efficiency. The turbulent models used are k-ε Standard, k-ε RNG, k-ε Realizable and k-ω SST. The goal was to find the most optimal turbulent model of the centrifugal fan around the impeller. The impeller has an angle (,β-1.) of 35,260 with a rotation speed of 301,069 rad/s. The simulation was carried out by meshing about 500,000 mesh elements for a balance between accuracy and computing needs. Validation was carried out by comparing the simulation results of Ansys Student R1 2024 and Solidwork. Of the four turbulent models tested, k-ε RNG provided the most accurate results, with an efficiency difference of only 1.3% compared to Solidworks. This model manages to capture better variations in pressure and flow velocity, especially in turbulent areas and around the impeller. These results show that the k-ε RNG turbulent model provides closer results than other models. These findings are important for the optimization of centrifugal fan design and emphasize the importance of selecting the right turbulent model in numerical simulations.

Design And Efficiency Of Heat Exchanger Simulation Equipment Using Water Cooling System

Ryan Ananda Simon — 2025-02-28

The water cooling system is a technology commonly used in various industrial and automotive applications to control the temperature of engines and equipment. The heat exchanger, as a key component in this system, plays an important role in efficiently transferring heat from one medium to another. This study aims to design and construct a cross-flow heat exchanger simulation tool that uses a water cooling system, as well as to measure its heat transfer efficiency. The method employed is experimental, involving the measurement of inlet and outlet temperatures of air and water fluids, along with the ambient temperature surrounding the tool. The analysis considers three variations of air velocity: 40 m/s, 50 m/s, and 60 m/s, as well as two different climate conditions, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the tool's performance under varying situations. The research results indicate that this simulation tool is highly effective, as the resulting temperatures align with expectations, thereby enhancing the accuracy of heat transfer analysis. These findings not only benefit mechanical engineering students studying cross-flow heat exchangers as a practical study but also contribute to further developments in the field of heat transfer. This research is expected to serve as a foundation for future studies in the design and optimization of cooling systems and the improvement of efficiency in various industrial applications

Natural Frequency Analysis of Engine Mounting Structures using Solidworks Research License 2021-2022

Reynaldy Pasaribu — 2025-02-28

Engine Mounting atau dudukan mesin merupakan komponen penting yang terdapat pada mesin pembakaran dalam maupun mesin pembakaran luar yang memiliki fungsi untuk meredam getaran maupun kebisingan, dan menahan beban mesin. Setiap mesin pembakaran dalam tidak terlepas dari yang namanya getaran atau vibrasi, hal ini karena pada umumnya mesin pembakaran dalam menghasilkan gerak rotasi dan mengalami siklus berulang. Jika vibrasi sudah memasuki Natural Frequency dari suatu struktur bagian mesin, maka akan dapat menimbulkan kerusakan terhadap struktur komponen-komponen mesin. Natural frequency suatu objek tergantung pada karakteristik fisiknya seperti massa dan kekakuannya. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui modus getar, dan nilai natural frequency dari engine mounting, hal ini sangat penting dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya resonansi pada engine mounting. Dalam penelitian ini model tiga dimensi struktur engine mounting dibuat menggunakan perangkat lunak CAD (Computer Aided Design) yaitu Solidworks Research License 2021-2022, dan prosedur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah FEA (Finite Element Analysis) pada software Solidworks Research License 2021-2022. Simulasi dilakukan dengan meshing sekitar 65.591 element mesh hasil simulasi solidworks menunjukkan bahwa natural frequency engine mounting berkisar antara 37,40 Hz hingga 177,28 Hz, dengan displacement maximum mencapai 0,562 dalam keterangan AMPRES pada modus 8. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya memilih frekuensi kerja mesin agar tidak berdekatan dengan natural frequency engine mounting. Selain itu, respon dinamis displacement maximum manunjukkan, perlunya perancangan yang cermat untuk mengurangi dampak vibrasi pada kinerja mesin. Penelitian lebih lanjut sebaiknya fokus pada pengembangan material dan desain yang dapat meminimalkan displacement maximum serta meningkatkan stabilitas struktur engine mounting

The Effect Of Independence And Discipline Using The Project Based Learning Model On Learning Outcomes In The Practice Of Welding Subjects Of Grade XI Students Of SMK Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu

Rahmat Mardiansyah Puta — 2025-02-28

Permasalahan utama dalam penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Bagaimana pengaruh kemandirian terhadap hasil belajar siswa menggunakan model project based learning pada praktik mata pelajaran las smaw kelas XI di SMK Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu. (2) Bagaimana pengaruh kedisiplinan terhadap hasil belajar siswa menggunakan model project based learning pada praktik mata pelajaran las smaw kelas XI di SMK Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu, dan (3) Bagaimana pengaruh kemandirian dan kedisiplinan terhadap hasil belajar siswa menggunakan model project based learning pada praktik mata pelajaran las smaw kelas XI di SMK Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu. Tujuan penelitian ini dirancang untuk: (1) Untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemandirian siswa menggunakan model project based learning terhadap hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran las SMAW kelas XI TLAS di SMK Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu. (2) Untuk mengetahui peningkatan kedisiplinan siswa menggunakan model project based learning terhadap hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran las SMAW kelas XI TLAS di SMK Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu, dan (3) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh Kemandirian dan Kedisiplinan siswa menggunakan model project based learning terhadap hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran las SMAW kelas XI TLAS di SMK Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode korelasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif . Sampel pada penelitian yang dilaksankan yaitu dengan berjumlah Sebanyak 16 siswa kelas XI TLAS SMK Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu. Angket kedisiplinan dan kemandirian menggunakan skala likert digunakan sebagai instrumen selain soal tes untuk mengumpulkan data. Data dianalisis melalui analisis korelasi dan regresi berganda.

The Relationship Between Students' Learning Interest Using The Welducation Application Towards The Learning Outcomes Of Grade XI Students In SMAW Subjects At SMK N 1 Sumatera Barat

Fanny Fadillah Ramadhan — 2025-02-28

A person who is involved in the learning process regularly because of pleasure without external pressure is said to have an interest in learning. This interest is a relatively constant and enduring disposition, usually focused on one particular activity such as computers, science, athletics, music, or dancing. Based on observations during the Field Experience Practice (PPL), number of problems were found related to student interest in SMAW subjects. Some of these problems include student disinterest due to the use of less than optimal learning media and lecture methods that make students bored, fall asleep, or lose focus. Some students even refuse to complete the assigned tasks, indicating low interest in learning. Because interest in learning has a major influence on learning outcomes, it is important for students to understand school standards. This study uses a quantitative method to investigate the relationship between interest in learning and learning outcomes. This study collected and analyzed data using SPSS software. Subjects of the study were 25 grade XI Las students, and the independent variable was interest in learning as measured through the use of the Welducation application. The results of the analysis show that the average value of students' learning interest is 131.40 with a standard deviation of 15.047. Meanwhile, the average value of students' learning outcomes is 86.32 with a standard deviation of 0.985. The results of the hypothesis test show a significant relationship between learning interest and learning outcomes with a correlation coefficient of 0.899 and a significance value of 0.000.

Aerodynamic Analysis of Diesel Engine Prototype Vehicle Body Design Using Ansys Fluent

Fadhilah Ikhsan Dinul — 2025-02-28

Transportation industry is the third largest energy consumer, the focus on energy saving in vehicles and reducing exhaust emissions is major concern. Aerodynamics is one of the important subjects in vehicle engineering today. The more aerodynamic the vehicle, the lighter the engine performance, which can reduce fuel usage. This study aims to examine the effect of vehicle body design on the value of drag coefficient (C_d), lift coefficient (), and the ratio between lift coefficient and drag coefficient (/C_d). The method in this research is a numerical method that utilizes the CFD feature in the Ansys Fluent 2024 R1. The drag coefficient value with a speed of 10 m/s is 0.0155, a speed of 20 m/s is 0.0110, and a speed of 30 m/s is 0.0083. While the value of the lift coefficient with a speed of 10 m/s is obtained worth 0.0177, a speed of 20 m/s worth 0.0358, and a speed of 10 m/s worth 0.0455. Then the vehicle body design obtained the value of the /C_d ratio with a speed of 10 m/s worth 1.1419, a speed of 20 m/s worth 3.2545, and a speed of 30 m/s worth 5.4819. The conclusion this research is that the design of the vehicle body has a drag coefficient value decreasing as the speed increases and conversely the lift coefficient value increases. Based on the /C_d ratio value, it indicates that the vehicle body design is an aerodynamic design because the higher /C_d ratio, the more efficient the vehicle performance.

Implementation Of Project Based Learning Models On Learning Outcome In The Elements Of Cost Planning And Scheduling Of Building Construction In SMK Negeri 4 Pariaman

Elvani Tanjung — 2025-02-28

The problems that arise in the element of Building Construction Costing and Scheduling Plan include the incompatibility of the use of learning models applied by teachers with the characteristics of the independent curriculum. Low student learning outcomes are a factor in choosing the PjBL learning model. This research was conducted to determine how effective the PjBL learning model is in order to improve student learning outcomes through the Building Construction Costing and Scheduling Plan element. The type of research used is PTK, with the research subjects used being 7 people in the 2024/2025 school year. For the test of test questions, it has been carried out on class XI DPIB 2 students at SMKN 1 Pariaman with 21 respondents. This study shows that PjBL can improve student learning outcomes in the material of calculating floor work. This is indicated by student learning scores on the pre-test (before action) with an average obtained of 59.29. While in cycle 1 an average of 69.29 was obtained, it increased in cycle 2 to 82.86. In addition, the student learning completeness rate increased to 100% in cycle 2 after the action was taken. Therefore, this study proves that the PjBL model can improve the learning achievement of class XI DPIB students on the elements of the Cost Plan and Scheduling of Building Construction at SMKN 4 Pariaman.

Making Learning Media On The Element Of Estimating The Cost Of Construction And Housing Work At SMK Negeri 2 Solok City

Rivky Syafelmi — 2025-02-28

This research is based on the lack of variation in the learning media used by students in the learning process on the element of estimating the cost of construction and housing work, students have difficulty understanding the material for calculating the volume of work, there is no variety of learning media based on audio visual videos, and the learning methods used have not been able to overcome the difficulties of students. To overcome the existing problems, an audio-visual video-based learning media was developed with the help of sketchup software and wondershare filmora on the work volume calculation material. The purpose of this research is to develop a valid and practical audio-visual video-based learning media product. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) with a 4D development model. Then after being declared valid, a product practicality test was carried out by 12 students of class XI of TKP. The final result of the validation of the material expert obtained a score of 0.82 with the category "very valid" and the final result of the validation of the media expert obtained a value of 0.80 with the category "valid". The final result of the student practicality test obtained a score of 86% in the category of "very practical". Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the video-audio visual based learning media on the work volume calculation material developed is valid and practical for use by students of class XI of TKP at SMK Negeri 2 Solok City.

Development Of Video Tutorial-Based Learning Materials In The Turning Technique Subject At SMKN 1 Padang

Mardion Efendi — 2025-02-28

Pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran teknik pemesinan bubut di SMKN 1 Padang masih menggunakan metode konvensional sehingga penggunaan media pembelajaran belum dimanfaatkan dengan sangat baik, sehingga pembelajaran tersebut menjadi membosankan bagi siswa dan motivasi belajar pada siswa menurun dan siswa cenderung bersikap pasif pada proses pembelajaran. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yakni untuk melihat ke praktisan dan keefektifitasan media pembelajaran berbasis video tutorial yang dikembangkan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah R&D (Research and Development) model IDI dengan subjek penelitian pengembangan ini adalah siswa kelas XI di SMKN 1 Padang. Sedangkan objek dalam penelitian ini adalah produk berupa media pembelajaran berbasis video tutorial pada mata pelajaran Teknik Pemesinan Bubut. Hasil penelitian pengembangan ini adalah media pembelajaran berbasis video tutorial. Hasil uji validitas ahli materi dan media diperoleh nilai sebesar 0,92 dan 0,865 yang dapat dikatakan bahwa media pembelajaran yang dibuat valid. Dan hasil analisis angket penilaian siswa diperoleh nilai sebesar 91,7% yang dapat dinyatakan bahwa media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dalam kategori yang sangat baik. Serta hasil efektivitas pembelajaran didapat adanya kenaikan nilai siswa antara pretest dan posttest dengan perbandingan nilai 16,7% dan 83,3% yang dapat dikatakan bahwa media pembelajaran yang dibuat sudah efektif dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis video tutorial sudah efektif dan sudah sesuai untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran disekolah pada mata pelajaran pemesinan bubut.

Evaluation Of Facilities And Infrastructure Of The Building Information Modeling Design Department (DPIB) at SMK N 1 Lintau Buo Based On Permendikbud No 34 of 2018

Alfissa Indah Putri — 2025-02-28

Vocational High Schools face several issues related to the facilities and infrastructure of the practical room for the Building Modeling and Information Design Expertise Program (DPIB), such as a lack of adequate drawing tables and uncomfortable, hot room conditions, which reduce student comfort. Additionally, supporting equipment such as cleaning tools and safety equipment (K3) are insufficient, and the maintenance of facilities is not carried out optimally. These conditions hinder the effectiveness of the learning process and do not meet the national standards set by Permendikbud Number 34 of 2018.This study aims to evaluate the adequacy of facilities and infrastructure in the practical room of the Building Modeling and Information Design Expertise Program (DPIB) at SMK Negeri 1 Lintau Buo, based on the standards outlined in Permendikbud Number 34 of 2018. The evaluation focuses on equipment completeness, the physical condition of the practice room, and other supporting facilities used for learning activities. The research employs an evaluative method with a quantitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through direct observation, interviews with school officials, and documentation of the existing facilities.The results indicate deficiencies in the quality of the drawing tables and the uncomfortable condition of the practice room, both of which could potentially hinder the achievement of national education standards. This research is expected to provide valuable input for the school to improve its facilities and infrastructure to support more effective and efficient learning activities in the future.